Desafíos en el uso de la Inteligencia Artificial para la Gestión de la Información entre Bibliotecarios en Nigeria
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Este estudio examina los desafíos que enfrentan los bibliotecarios de una universidad nigeriana respecto a la adopción de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) para la gestión de la información. Analiza cómo los factores sistémicos y contextuales influyen en las percepciones sobre la utilidad e idoneidad de uso de la IA. Se empleó un enfoque cualitativo de estudio de caso. Los datos se seleccionaron a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a 12 bibliotecarios de diversas áreas funcionales dentro de la biblioteca de una universidad agrícola de tamaño mediano en Nigeria. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo entre enero y marzo de 2025, y el estudio se fundamentó en el Modelo de Aceptación Tecnológica (TAM) y el Modelo de Éxito de los Sistemas de Información (ISSM). Se aplicó un análisis temático para identificar los patrones clave. Los hallazgos indican que, si bien los bibliotecarios perciben a la IA como útil para automatizar tareas rutinarias como la catalogación, la indización y la atención de preguntas frecuentes, la adopción efectiva se ve obstaculizada por barreras significativas tales como una infraestructura digital inadecuada, una capacitación insuficiente y procesos burocráticos de adquisición. Específicamente, los participantes señalaron una curva de aprendizaje pronunciada y una dependencia de iniciativas de capacitación impulsadas por donantes, lo que da lugar a un desarrollo fragmentado de habilidades. Problemas sistémicos como el suministro eléctrico poco confiable y los altos costos de internet restringieron aún más la implementación de la IA. Estos problemas sistémicos evidencian la relación entre la preparación tecnológica y el respaldo institucional. Los resultados enfatizan que la utilidad percibida y la facilidad de uso percibida son interdependientes, y están influenciadas por la calidad sistémica y las realidades contextuales propias de Nigeria. El estudio replantea la adopción de la IA, pasando de ser un desafío puramente tecnológico a un fenómeno sociotécnico co-determinado por las prácticas de gestión de la información, las prioridades de financiamiento institucional y los marcos normativos; al hacerlo, ofrece lo que puede describirse como una enmienda para la literatura científica que tiende a sobrestimar el potencial de la IA en la gestión de la información en las bibliotecas al ignorar estas interdependencias sistémicas.
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