Importancia de las evaluaciones médicas ocupacionales en la salud laboral: un análisis bibliométrico y una revisión rápida de la literatura

Contenido principal del artículo

Francisco Palencia-Sánchez
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8126-7748
Santiago Mendoza
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5321-5843
Esteban Manrique Sanchez
Juan Andres Navas
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6129-8240
Martha Isabel Riaño-Casallas
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9384-1428

Resumen

Las evaluaciones médicas ocupacionales (EMO) se definen como exámenes que determinan las condiciones de salud física y mental de un trabajador antes de su contratación, durante su permanencia en la organización o una vez finalizado el vínculo laboral. Esta investigación tiene como propósito reconocer la importancia y validez de las EMO en la identificación de alteraciones en la función orgánica o mental que puedan afectar el desempeño laboral. Los EMO son parte central de los programas de vigilancia en salud para los trabajadores en el marco de los sistemas de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo. Adicionalmente, se exploró la estandarización de estas evaluaciones y se evaluó su importancia tanto para los trabajadores como para las empresas en términos de seguimiento y estrategias de promoción y prevención de la salud. Teniendo en cuenta el mencionado objetivo, la justificación de esta investigación se basa en la escasez de estudios que destaquen la importancia en salud laboral asociada a estos exámenes. Para abordar esta problemática, se llevó a cabo un análisis bibliométrico y una revisión rápida de la literatura en la cual se encuentra que no se reconoce la importante de las EMO en el desempeño laboral.


 

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